We  are delighted  to  collaborate with  the  Punjab Institute of Neurosciences (PINS) to publish this special supplement,   showcasing   the  exceptional   research   being conducted  at  their institution.  Previously,  we have  published  similar supplements  for  the Isfahan  University of Medical Sciences in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Indus Hospital and Health Network in Pakistan.

We  are delighted  to  collaborate with  the  Punjab Institute of Neurosciences (PINS) to publish this special supplement,   showcasing   the  exceptional   research   being conducted  at  their institution.  Previously,  we have  published  similar supplements  for  the Isfahan  University of Medical Sciences in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Indus Hospital and Health Network in Pakistan.1-2This  supplement   includes   two  editorials,   eleven   original  articles,   six   case  reports,   two   systematic  reviews, and three manuscripts in the correspondence section.   We  sincerely   hope   it  contributes   valuable   information to global medical literature, particularly in the field of neurosciences from Pakistan.This  initiative began  after  a meeting  in  December 2023  with  Prof. Asif  Bashir,  Executive Director  and  Dean of  PINS,  and one  of  the residents,  Dr.  Haseeb Mehmood  Qadri.  Following detailed  discussions,  the project  was  conceptualized,  and a  structured  plan was  devised  to bring  this  vision to  fruition.  It was  decided  that Prof.  Asif  Bashir would  serve  as Guest  Editor, while Dr. Haseeb Mehmood Qadri would act as Executive Editor for this issue, with the responsibility of coordinating with authors.Once   the  manuscript   drafts   were  received,   they   were subjected  to  plagiarism screening  facilitated  by  the Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. The PINS team conducted initial screening and internal reviews before forwarding the  manuscripts  to subject-matter  experts  for external peer review. The reviewers’ comments were edited and communicated to the authors for revisions in line with the feedback. Finalized manuscripts were uploaded to the journal’s website along with essential documents, including  a  letter of  undertaking,  ethics committee  approval,  and two  to  three peer  review  reports.  All   manuscripts   underwent  at   least   one  internal  peer  review and  at  least two  external  peer reviews.The    Pakistan    Journal   of    Medical    Sciences   then    downloaded   these  documents,   added   the  plagiarism   reports,   and  conducted   an   internal  editorial   review.   The process  of  submission receiving,  peer  review and  editorial  review was  closely  and judiciously  supervised  by  Secretary   to   Chief  Editor   PJMS.   Accompanying   documents were meticulously examined, and manuscripts underwent post-acceptance editing. During this process, challenges were identified in seven manuscripts, such as incomplete references, deviations from ICMJE authorship and citation guidelines, and discrepancies between in-text citations  and  reference lists.  Additionally,  some authors  cited  papers from  predatory  journals, which  is  against our  publication  policy. These  references  were removed  or replaced, ensuring adherence to ethical standards.After   addressing    these    issues,   formatted    PDF    files were generated and sent to the PINS team for proofreading. Following final corrections, DOIs were assigned, and the issue was published. This extensive process took almost a year to complete.Dr.  Haseeb  Mehmood Qadri  played  a pivotal  role  throughout this project. Having earned a Certificate in  Medical  Editing and  successfully  managing this  endeavor, he has emerged as a promising young editor and a valuable asset to PINS.The supplement features impactful research, such as:•      Complexity   of   arachnoid  adhesions   dictating   the  outcome    of    microvascular    decompression    for   trigeminal by Tariq Imran Khokhar et al.3•     Incidence of Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in  Endoscopic  Endonasal Transsphenoidal  Surgery  for Pituitary Adenomas by Sumira Kiran et al.4•      AXIEM-Guided  Brain Lesion  Biopsies  by M.  Aqeel  Natt, providing crucial data from DBS  and Drug  Reduction  in  Parkinson’s  Disease by   Zubair   Mustafa  and   colleagues,   emphasizing  the efficacy of deep brain stimulation in early-stage disease.6•      Outcomes of  Fenestration  of Lamina  Terminalis  for Hydrocephalus   following   Clipping  of   Ruptured   Aneurysms of Anterior Circulation by Ismaeel Khalid Iqbal.7•     Knowledge,  Attitude, and  Perception  of Research  Ethics   among  Postgraduate   Residents   by  Haseeb   Mehmood Qadri et al.8Considerable  valuable work  is  being undertaken  at  many medical  institutions  in Pakistan,  yet  much of  it  goes undocumented  and  unpublished for  various  reasons. However,  when  the head  of  an institution  takes  an active  interest  in academics  and  research, significant progress can be achieved. The publication of this supplement, showcasing research and innovations in   neurosciences,   serves  as   clear   evidence  of   this   potential