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A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Comparative Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers, Providers, Hospital and Outpatient Clinician Workforce

Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-796X/049

A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Comparative Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers, Providers, Hospital and Outpatient Clinician Workforce

1 Faculty of Chemistry, California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA.

2 Bio Spectroscopy Core Research Laboratory (BCRL), California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA. 

3 Cancer Research Institute (CRI), California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA.

4 American International Standards Institute (AISI), Irvine, CA 3800, USA.

*Corresponding Author: Alireza Heidari, American International Standards Institute (AISI), Irvine, CA 3800, USA.

Citation: Alireza Heidari, (2023), A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Comparative Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers, Providers, Hospital and Outpatient Clinician Workforce, International Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, 2(6); DOI:10.31579/2834-796X/049

Copyright: © 2023, Alireza Heidari. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: 02 November 2023 | Accepted: 30 November 2023 | Published: 15 December 2023

Keywords: .

Abstract

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There was a large development inside the understanding and wonderful (point of view/way of behaving) of the scholars after attending the webinar. The pre-webinar ratings counseled that only a few people (who had been a part of a examine, and so forth.) knew the function of probiotics in boosting (not capable of be harmed/no longer capable of get an ailment). another (skinny slice that can be looked at)al expertise, attitude and exercise (KAP) take a look at about probiotics in HCPs found an almost the same (famous issue/fashionable manner things are going), with only 15% of people (who have been part of a have a look at, and so forth.) having properly knowledge about their application. however, the same look at did locate that a appreciably greater proportion of humans (89.1%) had a positive (factor of view/way of behaving) in the direction of probiotics. that is clear (occasion(s) or item(s) that show something) that people are typically aware about the (possible energy or potential inside/possibility of) probiotics and other DS but do no longer invest in them due to the fact they don't have appropriate knowledge and clear guidelines [[21], [22], [23]]. After our webinar, nearly 67% of people (who were part of a take a look at, and so forth.) have become aware that even probiotics are included amongst nutraceuticals, now not simply nutrients and minerals. With recent research locating a nice courting among intestine health and overall great of life, adding probiotics to the daily food regimen seems to be a simple and (producing loads for a given sum of money) (success plan(s)/manner(s) of accomplishing dreams) for optimizing health.

Current studies have determined that the end result of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 contamination is considerably connected with their (related to nutrients, protein, and so forth., in food) fame and addition (to something else) with DS inside the (not having sufficient of something) populace can very (a whole lot) affect sickness (number of times something occurs) and deadliness [24,25].

But, the consequences of the modern-day examine have shown that we need to actively invest in mass education approximately the position of an (ingesting lots of various wholesome foods) containing extremely vital micronutrients (nutrients A, D, E and Zinc and so on.) in (true) sufficient quantities, as suitable knowledge about those key matters that act as foods seemed lacking before the webinar.

The information approximately the position of vitamin C in boosting (no longer capable of be harmed/no longer able to get a disorder) turned into already high earlier than the webinar, but it nonetheless increased drastically after-webinar (p = 0.002). After the webinar, nearly 88.nine% of humans (who were part of a look at, etc.) agreed that vitamin C additionally has a position in COVID-19, which is contrary to the findings of any other KAP observe done within the Lebanese populace, in which the percentage of humans (who have been a part of a have a look at, and so forth.)' agreeing about the capacity of vitamin C adds to/helpful additions to shield them from the flu reduced from 21.6% to 21.3% at some stage in the tremendous disease [18].

There has been a massive improvement within the universal understanding rating of the undergraduates from 4.45 to 7.76 after the webinar. that is a welcome development, as those college students will sooner or later be actively concerned in affected person care and might (use/put into movement) nice trade in popular fitness-associated practices. The pre-webinar rating of nursing college students turned into much less than their scientific companions, and there was also a considerably extra improvement among clinical students in evaluation to nursing college students due to the webinar, exposing the target area where greater instructional (motion that helps a horrific situation) for enhancing understanding about DS was wished/demanded. Nursing officers have the closest dating with sufferers. they may (provide a motive to do something) their sufferers to have a healthy diet rich in things that act as foods and use DS correctly each time prescribed.

The best development within the information score can be liked in 1st-12 months students accompanied by way of 2nd, 3rd and very last-12 months students. only a few classes are loyal to/are dedicated to coaching the (body structure/associated with the examiner of frame functions) and (the medical look at of scientific tablets) of things that act as foods so early within the (school publications) of medical and nursing students. we can include extra lectures in the 1st yr. itself in order that by the time the scholars bypass out, a firm expertise of the body-structure-associated position, suitable utilization, symptoms and (signs and symptoms that one issue should no longer be performed or used with something else) of vitamins and minerals, and the want for his or her addition (to something else) can be anticipated.

It is a marvel that even after a lot awareness on Zinc and diet D at some stage in the COVID-19 great sickness, greater than 50% of college students disagreed that these things that act as foods may want to have a role in COVID-19 and different diseases/troubles before the webinar. The webinar greatly impacted the (factor of view/manner of behaving) (associated with/searching at/considering) the role of diet D and zinc in COVID-19. however, (even though there is the life of) the webinar, the share of students agreeing and disagreeing that vitamin D had a role in COVID-19 was nearly the equal, (in different phrases) forty-five% and 45%. These factors to/indicates that facts and (factor of view/manner of behaving) about the function of vitamin D, zinc, probiotics and so on., is severely missing among college students; a place around which particular gaining knowledge of desires may be designed. different (now not very long ago) ended/decided KAP studies amongst university college students have also located not excessive/medium-stage to low knowledge and awful/unhelpful (point of view/way of behaving) approximately diet D and diet D provides to/useful additions [26].

The study uncovered an unmet need amongst medical and nursing college students for useable nutraceutical facts. nearly ninety% agreed before and after the webinar that persevering with clinical training in this region could be pretty liked. A greater percentage of human beings (who had been part of a study, and many others.) felt (gave a reason to do something) to investigate this discipline after the webinar, pointing to/displaying a exchange inside the notion sample for vitamins, minerals and DS. almost 85% of college students felt after the webinar that their perspectives (associated with/looking at/considering) the (viable electricity or capability within/opportunity of) vitamins and minerals had changed for the higher because of the good sized sickness; an critical (aspect it's given/paintings this is executed) of the sizable disorder, even though at a tremendous price [27].

A (no longer very lengthy in the past) ended/decided KAP take a look at also suggested an improvement inside the human beings (who have been a part of a examine, and many others.)' (point of view/way of behaving) closer to the role of DS in supporting desirable fitness for the duration of the massive ailment (p < 0>

A extra share of students (72%) agreed after-webinar that the protection of nutraceuticals become an essential element to consider, and almost 50% agreed that DS couldn't take the place of a something that acts as meals-rich diet for higher fitness; in contrast to some other take a look at wherein the share of humans (who were a part of a examine, and so forth.) agreeing to the truth that DS could replace meals things that act as ingredients increased notably after the coming into view of the COVID- 19 widespread disorder [18]. studies within the past have pronounced a more perception amongst college students of United Arab Emirates at the fee of a combination of DS and meals collectively to keep desirable health [28].

Like any different drugs, even DS can also reason facet outcomes, change the effect of different drug treatments and produce weird responses because of a person's simply said/specific pharmacogenetics and add to the money-primarily based heavy load of humans (who use a product or service). human beings need to be educated approximately their appropriate utilization, doses and side consequences, e.g. diet c that is so generally self-prescribed, can be linked with oxalate, cysteine and urate (organ that creates urine) stones. consequently, the need for addition (to something else) to accurate micronutrient (no longer having sufficient of something) in a man or woman wishes to be carefully (found out the well worth, quantity, or pleasant of), and self-medication wishes to be strongly discouraged. Taking provides to/beneficial additions at their RDA ought to be the same old practice except in any other case pointed to/showed [29,30].

In reality, multivitamins cannot be a one-forestall solution for best fitness. but, an average person's weight-reduction plan is commonly unable to fulfil all his RDAs for key matters that act as foods. additionally, certain populace corporations, along with the old, might not be able to take in (like a towel) all of the things that act as foods from their weight-reduction plan. consequently, the sensible use of nutraceuticals under doctor guidance might be helpful ultimately. anyway, DS include risks, and a stability ought to be there between food and (greater belongings you devour or drink) [31].

The strongly bad ordinary mathematical dating-related coefficient among information and mindset importance and focuses that the webinar had a usual desirable impact. but, the connection between knowledge and (point of view/manner of behaving) remained high quality among nursing students. Nursing college students ought to advantage from focused teaching and education (associated with/looking at/thinking about) the capacity position of very critical vitamins, minerals and DS in COVID-19 and different sicknesses/problems.

In quit/give up end result, educating the public about a something that acts as food-wealthy food plan and the (feasible energy or ability within/opportunity of) DS ought to be made a concern by way of health policymakers. humans should be made aware that for best viable gain, most matters that act as foods must be came/coming from food, and DS should be used most effective when pointed to/confirmed, in advocated doses. There needs to be lots more attention on Nutraceutical research. The role that nutrients, minerals and nutraceuticals play in distinct sicknesses and pharmacokinetically (institution of lots of different varieties of human beings) want to be explained. information (associated with/looking at/thinking about) factors favoring and discouraging appropriate nutraceuticals ought to be created. smart choices (primarily based on gaining knowledge of things) can most effective be made when (occasion(s) or item(s) that show something)-based totally information (associated with/looking at/thinking about) the blessings and harms of DS is constantly updated and without difficulty available. KAP studies incorporating educational (actions that assist terrible conditions) can help enhance (knowing about something) and create whole and thorough facts that might hit/affect coverage decisions and tips [1-114].

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) Project of Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development, the National Natural Science Foundation of the United Sates, the International Joint BioSpectroscopy Core Research Laboratory (BCRL) Program supported by the California South University (CSU), and the Key project supported by the American International Standards Institute (AISI), Irvine, California, USA.

References

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